To whom did the nobles give some of their lands?

king
bishop
servants
vassals

d.

the northwest territory became the most densely populated area in the u.s.

if you're talking about (ww2) they went bankrupt and their currency was worth nothing

explanation:

less available tax revenue

this basically means that when they get money from taxes wirth having a lower gdp they get less then what others have with a higher gdp