Discuss the ways in which gunpowder, cannons, and muskets plays critical roles in the rise, rivalries and decline of the ottoman, safavid, and mughal empires, and their eclipse by the growing power of expansionist european states

Explanation:

The three empires were among the strongest and stablest economies of the early modern period, leading to commercial expansion and greater patronage of culture, while their political and legal institutions were consolidated with an increasing degree of centralisation. They underwent a significant increase in per capita income and population and a sustained pace of technological innovation. The empires were centralised from the Eastern Europe and North Africa in the west to between today's modern Bangladesh and Myanmar in the east.

They were Islamic and had considerable military and economic success. Vast amount of territories were conquered by the Islamic gunpowder empires with the use and development of the newly invented firearms, especially cannon and small arms, in the course of imperial construction. Unlike in Europe, the introduction of gunpowder weapons prompted changes well beyond military organization.

folds are formed when heat and pressure is applied to the rock. the higher the temperature, the more pliable rocks become. folds are more likely to occur when the deformation caused by the compression is applied slowly. faults are defined as the displacement of rock that were once connected along a fault line.

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the right answer is the third one: turnpikes went short distances to connect markets. turnpikes, also known as toll roads, were very important for trade and transportation (of people, goods and products) in the 19th century, coinciding with the expansion towards the west. they contributed significantly to the economic development of the united states.