A. broefly describe one claim made in the excerpt. b. briefly describe how the developmenta in the first half of the 1800s duscused in the excerpt. relate to earlier developments int the second half of the 1700s . c. cbriefly describe how one piece of evodence feom the first half of the nineteenth century could be isedto aupport, modifu, or refute the argument made in the excerpt