How do patents and copyrights encourage innovation?
they limit the number of inventions an individual may patent or copyright, so more people can invent things.
they grant companies the right to copy the inventions and creative works of individuals at little or no cost.
they give inventors and writers exclusive rights to make and sell their inventions and works, possibly making large profits.
they prevent inventors and other creative people from making huge profits, thus keeping prices low for consumers.

The answer is: "They give inventors and writers exclusive rights to make and sell their inventions and works, possibly making large profits."

Explanation:

When you get a patent on something, you are protected from someone swooping in and grabbing your idea and running with it. Say you have an idea for a new type of coffee cup that keeps coffee warm longer. If you just make a few thousand and sell them, some larger company can come in, copy your idea, and sell it cheaper and with a wider distribution because they have more money to work with.

When you patent it, anyone that comes in to copy your idea, can get into legal trouble over it. They may even own you money for damages.

i would say that the politicial parties from state to state varies.