What was the main response of the middle class to the challenge of city living

Why did the tokugawa shogunate close japan to foreign influence?

President clinton, on the fortieth anniversary of the events in arkansas surrounding the "little rock nine," stated that "when the constitutional rights of our citizens are threatened, the national government must guarantee them." this principle was the basis for using federal authority in: the expansion of voting rights to women. the passage of the civil rights act of 1964. the passage of the americans with disabilities act. all of the choices.

Define what the expropriation without compensation's and what does the freedom charter says about it