Saudi arabias monarchy, most government positions are held by.
a. muslim religious leaders
b. the kings family members
c. local tribal chiefs
d. elected politicians

It developed as a reaction to the impact of european colonialism in africa on peoples of african descent. in the  mid-20th century, activists in africa adopted pan-africanism as a rallying cry for independence from colonial rule. some african pan-africanists sought to unite the continent as one independenthope it was useful