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select the correct word or phrase to complete the following sentences about enlightenment philosophers.

many philosophers wrote down their philosophies about the government and . a number of philosophers published books on the subject. they applied the idea of to social and political analysis. thomas hobbes wrote leviathan, a book about social structure and government. he wrote about the , an agreement in which the people exchanged some of their individual freedoms for the government’s protection.

1. the group that formally abolished the monarchy was the roundheads. after the monarchy was abolished, the english commonwealth was created. it was led by oliver cromwell, who later took the title lord protector. this leader was a puritan, meaning that he supported removing catholic rituals from the church of england.

2. identify a central idea in the bill of rights.

a.   the monarch could only exercise power as stated in the law.

3. ascended the english throne as   a joint monarch after accepting   the bill of rights   mary ii

appointed catholics as government   officials and recruited them in the   army

james ii

conquered ireland and established   the commonwealth

oliver cromwell

lost a long, bloody civil war against   forces loyal to parliament

charles i

was crowned king after a period   of commonwealth rule in england

charles ii

4. identify two effects of the glorious revolution on the english monarchy.

the idea of monarchs ruling by divine right was rejected.

a limited, constitutional monarchy was established.

5. what are two ways the bill of rights opposes the idea of the divine right of kings?

it stated that the monarch's power was subject to limits set by parliament.

it abolished the role of the monarch as the head of the church of england.

it was the first major victory for the colonists.

d the foreign governments