Why is the united states congress divided into two houses?
all states have equal representation in one house to benefit smaller states, and
representation is based on population in the other house to satisfy larger stated
one political party sends the majority of representatives to one house, and the other
political party sends the majority of representatives to the other house.
one house checks the power of the executive branch, and the other house checks the
power of the judicial branch.
one house is made up of leaders of each state's government and the other house is
made up of nationally elected representatives.

The correct answer is all states have equal representation in one house to benefit smaller states, and  representation is based on population in the other house to satisfy larger states.

The first option is correct.

in february 1787, congress decided that a convention should be convened to revise the articles of confederation, the nation’s first constitution. in may, 55 delegates came to philadelphia, and the constitutional convention began. debates erupted over representation in congress, over slavery, and over the new executive branch. the debates continued through four hot and muggy months. but eventually the delegates reached compromises, and on september 17, they produced the u.s. constitution, replacing the articles with the governing document that has functioned effectively for more than 200 years.

the answer is suffrage