“you ask whether an expedition against the turks can be defended and commended by me on biblical grounds. even supposing the war is undertaken for pious reasons rather than for gain, i confess that i cannot promise what you ask, but rather the opposite . . it is foolish to wage wars in foreign lands, while at home we are losing spiritual battles . . now that the roman curia is more tyrannical than any turk . . there is no hope of successful war or victory. as far as i can see, god fights against us; first, we must conquer him with tears, pure prayers, holy and pure faith.”

martin luther, letter to the chaplain of an elector of the german states, 1518
a) describe one historical development illustrated by the passage.

b) describe luther’s argument regarding war with the turks.

c) describe luther’s purpose in making this argument.

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answer: francis bacon is well known for being the secont man to sail around the world. sir francis drake was the first englishman to sail around the world.

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well the fact it is basically a peninsula allowed trade to come from many places, thus allowing cultural diffusion to take place. india has seasonal monsoons that merchants travel back and forth from india using the monsoons wind patterns

answer: a parliamentary system is a system of democratic governance of a state where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the confidence of the legislature, typically a parliament, and is also held accountable to that parliament. in a parliamentary system, the head of state is usually a person distinct from the head of government. this is in contrast to a presidential system, where the head of state often is also the head of government and, most importantly, the executive does not derive its democratic legitimacy from the legislature.

countries with parliamentary democracies may be constitutional monarchies, where a monarch is the head of state while the head of government is almost always a member of parliament (such as the united kingdom, denmark, sweden, and japan), or parliamentary republics, where a mostly ceremonial president is the head of state while the head of government is regularly from the legislature (such as ireland, germany, india, and italy). in a few parliamentary republics, such as botswana, south africa, and suriname, among some others, the head of government is also head of state, but is elected by and is answerable to parliament. in bicameral parliaments, the head of government is generally, though not always, a member of the lower house.

parliamentarianism is the dominant form of government in europe, with 32 of its 50 sovereign states being parliamentarian. it is also common in the caribbean, being the form of government of 10 of its 13 island states, and in oceania. elsewhere in the world, parliamentary countries are less common, but they are distributed through all continents, most often in former colonies of the british empire that subscribe to a particular brand of parliamentarianism known as the westminster system.

explanation: