Which statement best describes the substitution effect?

switch around #3 and #4

explanation:

i hope this , im not 100% on this i really hoped this

might be agreeing to participate ethically with other european nations in the slave trade

or notifying other european nations when taking possession   of african territories

c) troops march forward in close formation against newer, more accurate weapons

what are the choices btw if it was me id say the lack of money to continue with education