Muhammad ali tried to westernize egypt by

Muhammad Ali tried to westernize Egypt by building a large army and expanding Egyptian territory

Muḥammad ʿAlī,  was born in 1769, Kavala, Macedonia, Ottoman Empire [now in Greece] and died August 2, 1849, Alexandria, Egypt is founder of the dynasty that ruled Egypt from the beginning of the 19th century to the middle of the 20th

Napoleon’s victory over the Ottoman Mamluk vassals in Egypt destroyed the existing local power balance. The easy victory of the French demonstrated the vulnerability of Muslim regions before European power.

When the British forced French withdrawal, an Albanian Ottoman officer, Muhammad Ali, emerged as Egypt’s ruler by 1811. He introduced European military reforms and created a powerful army and navy that freed him from dependence on his nominal Ottoman overlord.

Muhammad Ali also attempted to modernize Egypt’s economy through reforms in agriculture, infrastructure, education, and industry. To keep Egypt secure, Muhammad Ali allied with the powerful rural landlords to control the peasantry. It resisted his reform efforts and remained a hereditary, entrenched class.

Grade:  9

Subject:  history

Chapter:  Westernization in Egypt

Keywords:  Muhammad Ali, Egypt westernization, Spheres of Influence in Muslim Lands, Egypt, Napoleon

first paragraph (and busy all the night ,with a silence deep and white )

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