Because of an aging population, russia and japan are expected to have blank population growth in the near future.

Reversed.

Explanation:

The age distribution of the Russian population has been and is expected to be led by population aging. This means an increasing number of older people and a higher proportion of older persons in the whole population.

Japan is also an example of population decline. The 2017 UN World Population Prospects predicted that the Japanese population will decline a 15% by 2050. Demographic predictions from Japan’s Bureau of Statistics predict a 25% drop by that time, as well as an increase of Japanese age 65+.  

the correct answer is: (1) affected by gerrymandering; (2) not affected by gerrymandering.

gerrymandering is known as a practice that intends to establish a some kind of political advantage for a particular party or group. to do this district boundaries are manipulated. the new resulting district is named a gerrymandering.

in other words, what gerrymandering does is to draw the boundaries of electoral districts trying to benefit the party who is doing it. sometimes, the party controlling the legislature will redraw it so they can maximize the number of districts they are likely to control.