The military dictatorship inviolently reacted to the opposition of the maya, who demanded greater rights for their native population.

the genocide inresulted from a struggle between arab nomadic tribes and non-arab agricultural groups.

the tutsi were the victims of genocide inat the hands of the hutu rulers.

The answers and their explantion are thus:

1. Guatemala. The Mayas were originally inhabitants of the entire Yucatan Peninsula, from Mexico, to Central American countries such as Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador. They faced many difficult wars, especially in ancient times, but even more so after the conquest by the Spanish, in the 15th  century.

2. The genocide in Darfur resulted from a struggle between the Arab nomadic tribes and non-Arab agricultural groups. This genocide took place in 2003, and it was known as the War on Darfur, or the Land Cruiser War. It was a violent response from the Sudan government to non-Arab inhabitants after the SLM and JEM movements began fighting the government.

3. The last one is: The Tutsi were victims of genocide in Rwanda, at the hands of the Hutu rulers. This happened in 1994, at the Rwandan Civil war. The Hutu, the leading tribe in Rwanda, decided to eliminate moderate Hutus and the Tutsi.

the correct answer is “opportunity cost”. opportunity cost is what a company misses out because it decided in one option over another one. in this case, the company decided to invest in building a factory so it gave up another possible benefit or profit in order to achieve success with the factory.  

trade-off is not the correct answer since it is a situation in which you accept losing something in return for benefits in other areas.

and finally, consequence is a general term used to accept what it comes when you make a decision. it can be a positive or negative consequence depending if the decision you took was the correct one.  

the correct answer is b, "fertility rates are increasing, so populations will grow more quickly in the future."