How had the role of monasteries changed by the 1200s?
a. they had mostly closed down and been replaced by mendicant orders.
b. they had abandoned their role in education to focus on farming.
c. they had survived only in rural areas.
d. they had become centers of agriculture, and many were located in towns.
again im stoopid pls < 3

D.) They had become centers of agriculture, and many were located in towns.

jim crow law, in u.s. history, any of the laws in which racial was enforced, in the south between the finish of reconstruction in 1877 and the start of the social liberties development during the 1950s.

jim crow was the name of a minstrel routine( jump jim crow) performed starting in 1828 by its creator, thomas dartmouth ("daddy") rice, and by numerous imitators, including on-screen character joseph jefferson.

the term came to be a defamatory sobriquet for african americans and an assignment for their segregated life. the segregation rule was stretched out to parks, graveyards, theaters, and eateries with an end goal to keep any contact among blacks and whites as equivalents.

it was classified on neighborhood and state levels and most broadly with the "separate yet equivalent" choice of the u.s. preeminent court in plessy v. ferguson (1896).

its many islands, high mountains, and remote peninsulas isolated population centers.