Which of the following best explains why germans and italians gave yo their civil liberties and embraced totalitarianism? - they believed a variety of political parties would stimulate their economy -they were attracted by the idea of running their own businesses -they supported fascist leaders who promised relief from economic hardships -they feared that their economic prosperity would vanish if they did not

The answer is: they supported fascist leaders who promised relief from economic hardships.

After World War I, both Italy and Germany experienced heavy economic burdens. Germany felt them due to the Versailles Treaty which demanded that Germany (having lost the war) paid for damages incurred during the war. Italy, even though they aligned themselves during World War I with the Allied forces, incurred in costs during the war effort that were not compensated by the Versailles Treaty, which eventually created heavy economic hardships for the Italian population. Both countries felt that resorting to a fascist regime, like that of Hitler and Mussolini, respectively, would ensure the alleviation of these economic hardships since that was the common platform on which both dictators ran for office.  

The correct answer is C) they supported fascist leaders who promised relief from economic hardships.

The statement that best explains why Germans and Italians gave up their civil liberties and embraced totalitarianism is "they supported fascist leaders who promised relief from economic hardships."

The Great Depression hurt many European economies and people were living under difficult conditions. That situation was used by new totalitarian leaders that used a different discourse to convince the citizens that they represented the option needed to solve the harsh conditions. That is how totalitarian leaders such as Benito Mussolini in Italy or Adolph Hitler in Germany, got to power.

from thales, who is often considered the first western philosopher, to the stoics and skeptics, ancient greek philosophy opened the doors to a particular way of thinking that provided the roots for the western intellectual tradition. here, there is often an explicit preference for the life of reason and rational thought. we find proto-scientific explanations of the natural world in the milesian thinkers, and we hear democritus posit atoms—indivisible and invisible units—as the basic stuff of all matter. with socrates comes a sustained inquiry into ethical matters—an orientation towards human living and the best life for human beings. with plato comes one of the most creative and flexible ways of doing philosophy, which some have since attempted to imitate by writing philosophical dialogues covering topics still of interest today in ethics, political thought, metaphysics, and epistemology. plato’s student, aristotle, was one of the most prolific of ancient authors. he wrote treatises on each of these topics, as well as on the investigation of the natural world, including the composition of animals. the hellenists—epicurus, the cynics, the stoics, and the skeptics—developed schools or movements devoted to distinct philosophical lifestyles, each with reason at its foundation.

with this preference for reason came a critique of traditional ways of living, believing, and thinking, which sometimes caused political trouble for the philosophers themselves. xenophanes directly challenged the traditional anthropomorphic depiction of the gods, and socrates was put to death for allegedly inventing new gods and not believing in the gods mandated by the city of athens. after the fall of alexander the great, and because of aristotle’s ties with alexander and his court, aristotle escaped the same fate as socrates by fleeing athens. epicurus, like xenophanes, claimed that the mass of people is impious, since the people conceive of the gods as little more than superhumans, even though human characteristics cannot appropriately be ascribed to the gods. in short, not only did ancient greek philosophy pave the way for the western intellectual tradition, including modern science, but it also shook cultural foundations in its own time.

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