What factors were occurring in the late 19th century that led to the development of new political ideologies such as socialism? what is socialism?

Plz ive been stuck on this question forever. in 1753 george washington was sent on a mission to a. build a fort at the point where the allegheny and monongahela rivers form the ohio river. b. attack the french at fort duquesne. c. attack the french at fort neccessity. d. deliver a message to the french demanding that they leave the ohio river.