Mohenjo-Daro (Sindhi: موئن جو دڙو, IPA: [moˑin ʥoˑ d̪əɽoˑ]) was a city of the ancient culture of the Indus valley. Its ruins are located in the territory of present-day Pakistan. Its old name is unknown. The current name Mohenjo Daro literally means 'mound of death'. It was inhabited during the third millennium before our era (between 2600 BC and 1800 BC) on the banks of the Indus River.
Mohenjo-Daro was probably one of the largest cities in the ancient culture of the Indus Valley, also known as the Harappa culture, by the city of Harappa, another important location in the Indus valley, located 570 km northeast of Mohenjo-Daro. in the Panjab (Pakistan).
The prehistoric culture of the Indus gave origin to the civilization of the valley of the Indus around 3000 a. C. Civilization spread through Pakistan and Northern India, but suddenly began to decline around 1900 a. C. The settlements of the Indus civilization extended in the west to the border with Iran, with an outpost in Bactria, and in the south to the coast of the Arabian Sea in Western India, in Gujarat. Among the main urban settlements are Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro and Lothal.
In its heyday, Mohenjo-Daro was the most developed and advanced city in South Asia, showing engineering (with wells, advanced drainage systems and bathrooms in homes) and very sophisticated urban planning for its time.
Some scholars believe that the Sumerians, established in Mesopotamia - who invented the wheel in 3500 BC. C. and the writing in 3300 a. C.-, would not have an indigenous origin, but would come from Mohenjo-Daro (which existed between 2600 BC and 1800 BC)
In the lower city we also find workshops of potters, dyers, blacksmiths, craftsmen of shells and beads (beads). Some of these artisanal items were made with imported materials, while others may have been destined exclusively for export. Therefore, it is known that its activities included agriculture, manufacturing and commerce.
