One reason city-states shifted to democracy was to give the citizens an incentive to perform military service. allow women and slaves to take part in government. allow citizens freedom of speech. prevent the aristocrats from gaining power.

Answer  >   Give Citizens an incentive to perform Military Service.

Hope that helps

254.34

step-by-step explanation:

the formula for area of a circle is given by

a = pi * r^2

a = pi * 9^2

a = 81*pi

using 3.14 as an approximation for pi

a = 3.14*81

a = 254.34