What was the impact of the civil war? how did it affect the north? how did it affect the south? how did it affect the united states as a whole? how has it influenced our view of our past? how has it shaped our future?

The Civil War lasted from 1861 to 1865.  It started when eleven Southern states declared secession from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America. The Confederate leader was Jefferson Davis. The Confederacy fought against the US federal government (the Northern states), which was supported by all the free states and the five border states in the north.  

The Republican Party led by Abraham Lincoln led an election campaign in the presidential election in 1860 which had as one of its main objectives to prevent slavery from extending to new states beyond where it already existed. The Republican electoral victory led seven Southern states to declare their separation from the Union even before Lincoln took office on March 4, 1861.  

The hostilities began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate forces attacked a U.S. military installation at Fort Sumter in South Carolina. Lincoln responded by asking for a volunteer army from each state, leading to another four slave states in the south erupting. Both sides assembled armies while the Union took control of border states early in the war and established a naval blockade. In September 1862, the Emancipation Proclamation made abolishing slavery in the South a war cause, making it difficult for Britain to intervene on the Confederacy's side.  

Confederate commander Robert E. Lee won the battle in the east, but in 1863 his advance to the north was fought back in Gettysburg, and in the west the Union gained control of Mississippi in the Battle of Vicksburg. Thus, the Confederacy was divided into two. Long-term benefits to the Union in terms of manpower and materiel were exploited in 1864 when Ulysses S. Grant fought exhaustion battles against Lee, while Northern States General William Tecumseh Sherman captured Atlanta in Georgia and marched to the sea. Confederate resistance collapsed after Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865.  

The Civil War was the deadliest war in American history, leading to 620,000 dead soldiers and an unknown number of civilian casualties. It ended slavery in the United States, reintroduced the Union and strengthened the position of the federal government. The social, political, economic and racial issues of the war greatly shaped the Reconstruction that lasted until 1877 and led to changes that helped the country become a superpower in the 20th century.

informed opinion on immigration policy and immigration reforms from the american pubic is not complicated but a nuance. most americans support secure borders and they are not happy that the national’s immigration system is broken. people think that immigrants that shoulder similar responsibilities like native americans should be able to become americans. in the recent polls, stats have shown that there is a good support for tenets of comprehensive immigration reform. for example, in recent polls concerning opinions on immigration reforms, voters want congress to act even if status quo has no support. immigration opponents suggest that latino and non-latino voters disagree and there is controversy in the issue of citizenship.the truth is that the issue is about its leadership and problem-solving aspect and not about immigration reform.the opponents of immigration reforms advocate for the promotion of two myths where the first one is that republican politicians have a choose on latino votes and the second one is that the path to citizenship for unrecorded immigrant is controversial among all this !