During the panics of 1819 and 1837, all of the following occurred, except a. the indians taught the settlers how to irrigate their lands. b. western land speculation quickly grew out of control. c. overspending and crop failure became a common problem. d. loans were not backed by gold.

The panic of 1819 was caused by one main thing and that was over speculation in western lands..the speculators were buying u the land in the west and reselling this land to settlers... much of the money used for this had been issued by wildcat banks... these banks exchanged gold and silver for a script money...the thing that messed everyone up is that the national bank will reject the new money and the bankswill not be able to pay the people back who wanted there money... 

Hope this helped...