Under which law could people who expressed malicious amd scandalous accusations against the united states be fined or jailed?

The Alien and Sedition Acts

Explanation:

The Alien and Sedition Acts were a series of laws that were passed by the US Congress in 1798. During that moment, John Adams was the President of the US and the fear of entering a war with France developed a fear of spies. Because of that, the majority passed the Acts.

Those Acts increased requirements for citizenship, permitted the government to arrest and deport all male citizens of an enemy nation in the event of war, also aimed at those who spoke out against Adams and the Federalist government.

yes i think there would be volunteers