Juan's wife brought him to the emergency room because juan could not remember his name, the names of his family members, where he worked, or any other personal information. extensive tests at the hospital indicated that juan's memory problems were not due to an injury, an illness, drugs, or any other physical or medical condition. a clinical psychologist suggested that juan might be suffering from

You are assessing an 86-year-old postoperative patient who has an unexpressive, stoic demeanor. when you enter the room, the patient is curled into the fetal position and your assessment reveals that his vital signs are elevated and he is diaphoretic. you ask the patient what his pain level is on a 0-to-10 scale that you explained to the patient prior to surgery. the patient indicates a pain level of “three or so.” you review your pain-management orders and find that all medications are ordered prn. how would you treat this patient's pain?