When an athlete shows symptoms of a brachial plexus strain the follow up treatment should consist of all the following except: a. Adding heat prior to participation
b. Wearing a neck collar for additional protection
c. Making sure the athlete is trained in preventive techniques to avoid injuries in their sport
d. Showing athlete how to perform neck-strengthening exercises

You are assessing an 86-year-old postoperative patient who has an unexpressive, stoic demeanor. when you enter the room, the patient is curled into the fetal position and your assessment reveals that his vital signs are elevated and he is diaphoretic. you ask the patient what his pain level is on a 0-to-10 scale that you explained to the patient prior to surgery. the patient indicates a pain level of “three or so.” you review your pain-management orders and find that all medications are ordered prn. how would you treat this patient's pain?