The five basic components of Fitness are body composition, aerobic capacity, muscle strength, endurance and muscle flexibility, being characteristics of each individual and serving as a framework for the establishment of organized physical activity.
Explanation:
The physical characteristics that allow individuals to perform a physical activity or sport are known as fitness components, are individual and taken as a basis for establishing the type of activity that best performs, as well as individual strengths and weaknesses.
The five fitness components are:
Body composition, which is based on the proportion of muscle, fat and bone component that a person possesses. For the purposes of physical exercise and evaluation of body composition, the percentage of body fat is taken into account, a parameter linked to ideal weight and health condition. The ideal percentage of fat should not be greater than 18% in men or 22% in women.
Aerobic capacity is linked to respiratory and circulatory function, which contributes to providing oxygen and nutrients to each organic tissue. The aerobic capacity also determines how the tissues, mainly the muscular, take advantage of the nutrients and oxygen they need.
Muscular strength. In physics, strength is the ability of a body to overcome resistance. When this physical principle is applied to muscles it defines the capacity that each muscle has to perform a job, such as lifting a certain weight. In fitness, muscle strength is measured as the ability of a muscle to lift a weight in a single contraction.
Muscular endurance, linked to the ability of a muscle to perform a job over time. The greater the resistance, the longer the work can last.
Flexibility. Just as muscles can contract, they also have the ability to be flexible and stretch without injury, returning to their normal configuration at rest. Being a system osteomioarticular, flexibility combines both flexibility, elasticity and resistance of muscles and joints, which indicates the range of movement that can have a certain body segment.
In the context of fitness, it is necessary to know the characteristics of each of these components, and provide exercises to improve each of them in a person.
