What’s an example of a situation in which the adrenal glands would have to work harder than usual?

Reaction to danger. If you were being chased by a rabid dog your adrenal glands would most likely be working harder due to the fear you were experiencing. Another example is any high stress situation.

Explanation:

In combination with cortisol from the cortex, the adrenal hormones move the body away from its usual balance (normal-normal) toward a different balance (stress-normal) that redirects resources to critical emergency-response systems and away from non-essential systems.

starvation is bad because your body needs nutrition and to deprive it of nutrition can cause problems with both health and fitness.

explanation:

it can make weight loss slow down over time, but it won't cause someone to gain weight depsite restricting calories. starvation causes weakness in the senses like thirst.