Which statement best describes the role of religion and culture in ancient medicine? religion and culture did not influence the types or treatments used; however, they did play a role in who was allowed to practice medicine. religious beliefs guided physicians to perform certain procedures; however, culture did not play a role in the way physicians worked or who could become a physician or a healer. religious beliefs often guided the diagnosis and treatment of disease; the culture often determined who could practice medicine and what procedures were appropriate. culture was the primary factor that determined who could be a physician and what types of diagnosis and treatment were used; religion was not important during this time period.