Why is it important to send probes into space or the moon before sending a human?

The lines marked by the letters a, b, and c on the map above represent a. chains of volcanoes b. earthquake fault lines c. thin strips of heavy forests d. major rivers that flow from north to south

At which point on the diagram do convection currents occur to drive plate movement?

What does 2[tex] {2}^{ - 4} \times {2}^{ - 2} [/tex]