Describe the characteristics of Convection, ​

Seed plants that lived during the carboniferous impact life on earth today because a. they are the ancestors of all plant life on earth. b. their remains formed coal, which is an important resource. c. they produced fossils that are used to date many geologic events. d. their presence caused oxygen levels to drop, allowing animals to evolve.

Read the article titled "trans-saharan migration routes to north africa and the eu: historical roots and current trends." why do tens of thousands of sub-saharan africans try to cross the mediterranean each year? how are these refugees commonly portrayed? (site 1)

Can someone me with this plz? ! i'm putting 20 points on it!