How have human geographical patterns affected city population
growth in the past?

While winters are rainy, summers are dry. regions with this climate are usually in the eastern part of the continents. they experience hot, humid summers and colder winters. precipitations have a regular distribution throughout the year, but hurricanes are common.

Magma is outside the volcano  and lava is inside the volcano. 

Themes; subfields is the answer

The answer to the first one is barometer.