Based on information from the lesson, what is the most likely explanation for the following scenario? When Raphael walks into the supermarket, he grabs a bunch of large yellow bananas. These bananas look identical to
every other banana Raphael has ever seen because this banana, the Cavendish, is one of the only varieties of bananas
grown and sold in the United States.
Farmers were pressured by the United States government to grow the Cavendish exclusively
Farmers learned Americans prefer the taste of Cavendish over other varieties of bananas and now it is grown exclusively
Farmers artificially selected and formed the Cavendish while discarding less successful varieties.
Farmers determined the Cavendish required the least amount of effort to grow.

Ecologist: the scottish highlands were once the site of extensive forests, but these forests have mostly disappeared and been replaced by peat bogs. the common view is that the highlands’ deforestation was caused by human activity, especially agriculture. however, [agriculture began in the highlands less than 2,000 years ago]. peat bogs, which consist of compressed decayed vegetable matter, build up by only about one footper 1,000 years and, [throughout the highlands, remains of trees in peat bogs are almost all at depths great than four feet]. since climate changes that occurred between 7,000 and 4,000 years ago favored the development of peat bogs rather than the survival of forests, the deforestation was more likely the result of natural processes than of human activity. in the ecologist’s argument the two portions in [parenthesis] play which of the following roles? a. the first is evidence that has been used in support of a position that the ecologist rejects; the second is a finding that the ecologist uses to counter that evidence. b. the first is evidence that, in light of the evidence provided in the second, serves as grounds for the ecologist’s rejection of a certain position. c. the first is a position that the ecologist rejects; the second is evidence that has been used in support of that position. d. the first is a position that the ecologist rejects; the second provides evidence in support of that rejection. e. the first is a position for which the ecologist argues; the second provides evidence to support that position.