BRAINLIEST!!
4. drives subduction at a converging plate boundary.

A. Ridge push and mantle convection

B. Ridge push

C. Slab pull and ridge push

D. Mantle convection and slab pull

The correct answer is D Mantle convection & Slab pull because ridge-push always occurse at diverging plate boundaries not converging.

Explanation:

Slab pull is a force that arises at the boundary of a subduction zone. Of the two plates that form the boundary, the denser plate begins to sink beneath the less dense plate. The sinking edge of the lower plate continues to be pulled downward by gravity. Mantle convection also can drag the edge of the plate downward.

d. stage 4

explanation:

the existence of some kind of demographic transition is widely accepted in the social sciences because of the well-established historical correlation linking dropping fertility to social and economic development.[1] scholars debate whether industrialization and higher incomes lead to lower population, or whether lower populations lead to industrialization and higher incomes. scholars also debate to what extent various proposed and sometimes inter-related factors such as higher per capita income,lower mortality, old-age security, and rise of demand for human capital are involved.[2]