The vertical succession of sandstone, shale, and limestone from the bottom of a rock column to the top, such as that found in cambrian rocks of the grand canyon, is indicative of a(n) .

transgression

Explanation:

In this case we will have deeper sea sediments (shales and limestones) being deposited on top of continentally-derived beach sediments (sand). This forms a sequence (from bottom to top) of: sand to shale to limestone. This is an indication of marine transgression