Ummary of learning objectives key terms water peential matric potential fel 3.2 sunlight provides the energy fer photosynthesis. by the sun temperature can be segulabed to different degrees by a temperatunes, whereas homeotherms have relatively constant body tempenatures. the body temperatures of ectotherms enge of electromagnetic sadiation prodced s used to power ble body phonosyncheisgen and suer. thne ae vee pathways of are langely determined by t nd each woksmeac differ in how t captures co, endotherms can raise their body temperatures to be higher than the that plants from anid negian their external environment in theemoreg- atio include the shunting of blood and ten associaned with structural aeptasions key termss radiation, conduction, convection, evaporation, key terms: electromagnetic radiation, visible light orynthetically active region chiaroplasts, rubp carboxylase critical thinking questions 1. how do salty sols afflect the matric potential and in burn, afec oot pressure and overall waber uptake? 6. how do leaf hairs that sumound guard cells reduce water loss through the process of forming a boundary layer? . when animals hibernate, they lower their temperature. how 2. based on your knowledae of the relationship between volume nd srtace ares, why do clay soils hold more water than sandy soils would this reduce the rate of heat lost theough conduction? , if you were breeding cotton plants to have increased water in addition to having highly efficient kidneys, what behaviors uptake in dry solls, you could breed plants that contain more amino could you imagine desert animals using to reduce water loss? acids and carbohydrates in the root cells why would this be effective 9 and why might crop yield be negatively attfected? t. 8. ifyou designed an experiment to determine how temperature and the species composition of seeds affect the growth and how do cam plants solve the problem of obtaining co, for photosynthesis while minimizing water loss? reproduction of seed-eating birds, what would be the independent and dependent variables? s. how might the fitness cost of photorespiration in c, plants favor 10. if you were to stand in a river with fast-moving water, which heat the evolution of ca plants? exchange processes might occur and why? graphing the data relating mass to surface area and volume in this chapter, we saw that the surface area of an organism increases approximately as the square of the organism's length, whereas the volume increases approximately as the cube of the organism's length. using the following data, graph the relationship between length and surface area and the relationship between length volume. based on these two graphs, notice how length (om) surface area (cm) volume (cm 8,000 27,000 64,000 125,000 length affect volume much more rapidly 900 1,600 2,500