Which of the following statements about the cryosphere are associated with positive feedback loops? not all couplings may be given, but you should be able to figure out the missing couplings based on what you’ve learned in class.
a. as winter temperatures rise, the area of land covered by snow shrinks
b. sea ice insulates the ocean from the atmosphere, preventing heat exchange
c. as temperatures cooled in the last glacial period, arctic sea ice expanded
d. thawing permafrost may emit large quantities of methane to the atmosphere
e. when an ice shelf begins to melt, the buttressing effect the shelf has on the rest of the ice sheet decreases, allowing more ice to flow toward the relatively warm water and melt further
f. when an ice shelf loses mass, local sea levels fall and the ground below the ice sheet begins to rebound, stabilizing the ice sheet and reducing further mass losses