In addition to major economic problems today, russia also has major problems with a) a high life expectancy b) a high birthrate c) the environment d) freedom of expression

In addition to major economic problems today, Russia also has major problems with the environment.

Explanation:

Given the high latitudinal orientation, tremendous east-west expanse, and the prevalence of harshly cold climate most time of the year in Russia, the environment in Russia is vulnerable to pollution to a great extent. Owing to the cold weather, the particulate matter released into the air through industry and vehicular emissions stays close to the ground and contributes to the growing health issues among the population. It is also due to cold weather that activities like agriculture and transportation are difficult to carry out.

Water flows along the east coast and across the western tropical pacific towards south america, while they both are directed towards that way,  el niño does not directly affect the southern flow of water along the coast. 

Answerstratovolcanoes///near or in the ring of fire;