Read the introduction and first paragraph of an essay about energy sources.
(1) the nation's energy use is largely dependent on fossil fuels. (2) these fuels are nonrenewable resources, and they cause pollution. (3) we cannot continue our reliance on a fuel that will eventually run out. (4) thus, we must find other ways to sustain our energy demands. (5) pursuing alternative fuel sources is the key to solving our energy crisis.
(6) currently, about 1 percent of energy in the united states is produced by the sun, and solar energy has the potential to become a more widely used energy source. (7) through different technologies, such as solar cells, scientists have learned to use the sun’s radiation to create electricity. (8) solar energy is both inexhaustible and clean. (9) the major limit to this alternative source is that equipment is expensive. (10) developing a cost-effective way to harness the power of the sun will be a significant development in solving our energy crisis.
which statement introduces a new counterclaim to the author’s position?
batteries are being developed to harness the sun's power for use at a later time.
the production of solar energy is relatively quiet, reducing noise pollution.
solar panels can be placed in remote areas, which is more cost effective than installing high-voltage wires.
the use of solar energy is especially limited in areas that do not get regular sunlight.
mark this and return

The statement that introduces a new counterclaim to the author's position is letter D) The use of solar energy is especially limited in areas that do not get regular sunlight.

Explanation:

In an argumentative essay, the author makes a claim, that is, he defends a certain opinion by providing supporting evidence to it. At some point, the author will mention the opposite opinion to his own - what others may claim to attack his argument. That is the counterclaim.

In the essay we are analyzing here, the author is defending the use of solar energy. According to him, solar energy has potential to become widely used. It is clean and renewable, unlike energy obtained from fossil fuels.

The counterclaim must oppose the author's opinion; it must attack solar energy by showing a disadvantage of relying on it. Options A - C provide us with facts that would actually support the claim. The development of batteries, the reduction of noise pollution, and the possibility of placing panels in remote areas are all good reasons to use solar energy as an alternative. Only letter D offers a counterclaim, a reason why solar energy could be attacked, by saying its use is limited in areas that do not get regular sunlight.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

tree and the cat in the tree