How does the first paragraph help develop the plot of the passage? Making Friends Fiona turned and stared at the red brick building. All last year, she had waited excitedly to pass fifth grade and start middle school. Now that day was here, and it took all her strength not to cry. This was not the school she had planned to attend. Her family had moved from Florida to California over the summer, and she did not know a single person in her new town. Last night, her mother had given her some advice: "Honey, people will want to be your friend if they think you like them." "How am I supposed to show that?" Fiona asked. "I don't even know them." "A simple way to show interest is to give them a compliment. Try saying something like, 'Those are pretty earrings. Where did you get them?' You will be surprised how quickly a conversation starts," her mother replied. Fiona was doubtful. Fiona took a deep breath, slung her backpack over her shoulder, and walked up the steps. A tall boy skidded his mountain bike into the bike rack and called out, "Hey, Todd! How was your summer?" "My parents took us camping. It was great!" Todd yelled back. "Julie, wait up! Who do you have for homeroom?" shouted a perky blond girl as she shoved past Fiona on the steps. Great, Fiona thought, it is worse than I thought. No one even notices me. Anxiety about having to sit alone in the cafeteria made her stomach do flips. Fiona hesitated at the doorway of her homeroom and warily eyed the scene, Kids acted like they all knew each other. She sighed and sat in her assigned desk. She took out a book and

In just over one hundred years, between 1701 and 1810, 252,500 enslaved africans were brought to barbados—an island that occupies only 166 square miles (making it, today, one of the smallest countries in the world). the english then set out to conquer more sugar islands, starting with jamaica, which they took from spain in 1655. in the same period that the 252,500 africans were brought to barbados, 662,400 africans were taken to jamaica. thus, sugar drove more than 900,000 people into slavery, across the atlantic, to barbados and jamaica—and these were just two of the sugar islands. the english were eagerly filling antigua, nevis, saint kitts, and montserrat with slaves and sugar mills. they took over much of dutch guiana for the same reason. seeing the fortunes being made in sugar, the french started their own scramble to turn the half of the island of hispaniola that they controlled (which is now haiti), as well as martinique, guadeloupe, and french guiana (along the south american coast near dutch guiana), into their own sugar colonies, which were filled with hundreds of thousands more african slaves. by 1753, british ships were taking average of 34,250 slaves from africa every year, and by 1768, that number had reached 53,100. –sugar changed the world, marc aronson and marina budhos how do the authors use historical evidence to support their claim? x(a) they use secondary sources to show how french and english monarchs were indifferent to enslaved people. x(b)they use secondary sources to show that enslaved people often fought for their freedom after arriving in the caribbean. the answer is: (c)they use facts from primary sources to show how countries increased the number of enslaved people to produce more sugar. x(d)they use primary source interviews to show that countries could make more money in trading sugar without using enslaved people.