Why is Thoreau's cellmate in prison

What type of figurative language is used in this passage from "letter from birmingham jail"? just as the prophets of the eighth century b. c. left their villages and carried their "thus saith the lord" far beyond the boundaries of their hometowns, and just as the apostle paul left his village of tarsus and carried the gospel of jesus christ to the far corners of the greco roman world, so am i compelled to carry the gospel of freedom beyond my own hometown. allusion symbolism imagery metaphor

How many stanzas does this poem have, shall i compare thee to a summer day?

Write about a scientist and present information including a short biography, contribution, their scientific achievements and contribution to science