In "the interlopers" how does the word "wolves" fulfill a purpose in the narrative arc?

a. it hints at an action and grabs the reader's attention in the exposition.
b. it introduces animals as characters in the story and suggests a setting since wolves often live in the wild.
c. it instills a sense of fear in the reader and adds to the rising action and conflict.
d. it suggests what the conclusion might be as the story closes and signifies the end of the falling action.

The greatest gift the sumerians gave the world was the invention of writing. the sumerians were a wealthy people. they needed some way to keep track of what they owned. they began drawing pictures. they used a reed as a pen. they drew on soft pieces of clay. the soft clay was then dried in the sun. the tablet became a permanent record. later, the sumerian drawings changed into wedge-shaped symbols. this kind of writing is called cuneiform. by putting symbols together, the sumerians could write entire sentences.