Passage one
many experts today believe we have used nearly 50 percent of the earth’s oil resources. no big deal, right? we have 50 percent left! and yet there are some who suggest that such optimism is foolish. as the cost of drilling rises and the ability to extract oil from dwindling reserves becomes harder, production will not be able to keep up with demand.

passage two
alternative energy sources exist. like oil, other non-renewable sources of energy, such as coal and uranium, will either be used up or become too expensive to buy and process. manufactured energy, such as hydrogen, requires advanced technology. however, renewable sources, such as solar, wind, and water, will cushion the decline of limited energy resources.

based on these two passages, which of the following statements is true?

a. both authors are optimistic, because they provide examples of other usable resources besides oil.

b. both authors suggest that there will not be enough oil reserves to keep up with demand.

c. one author feels negatively about the future while the other is more hopeful.

d. one author is optimistic about the future while the other is not.

It was a bitter cold saturday morning ,the young track star dressed for his daily five mile run

Read the passage from animal farm. as clover looked down the hillside her eyes filled with tears. if she could have spoken her thoughts, it would have been to say that this was not what they had aimed at when they had set themselves years ago to work for the overthrow of the human race. these scenes of terror and slaughter were not what they had looked forward to on that night when old major first stirred them to rebellion. if she herself had had any picture of the future, it had been of a society of animals set free from hunger and the whip, all equal, each working according to his capacity, the strong protecting the weak, as she had protected the lost brood of ducklings with her foreleg on the night of major's speech. instead—she did not know why—they had come to a time when no one dared speak his mind, when fierce, growling dogs roamed everywhere, and when you had to watch your comrades torn to pieces after confessing to shocking crimes. there was no thought of rebellion or disobedience in her mind. she knew that, even as things were, they were far better off than they had been in the days of jones, and that before all else it was needful to prevent the return of the human beings. whatever happened she would remain faithful, work hard, carry out the orders that were given to her, and accept the leadership of napoleon. but still, it was not for this that she and all the other animals had hoped and toiled. it was not for this that they had built the windmill and faced the bullets of jones's gun. such were her thoughts, though she lacked the words to express them. what was most likely orwell’s purpose for writing this passage? to show that clover is more sensitive to violence than the others to remind readers of major's speech and the original rebellion to present napoleon as a cruel leader unworthy of the animals’ support to represent misled followers and their dashed hopes for better lives

Theme is question 26 options: the way the story is presented. overarching ideas that are presented in the story. the author�s message that he or she is communicating to readers. the way the story makes the reader feel.