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how is refutation effective in an argument?

it proves a point without having to present evidence.
it makes the audience think the opposition is foolish.
it makes evidence look better than the opposition's by contrast.
it attacks the opposition's evidence, so it cannot prove its point.

Part a: what are two main ideas of maria w. stewart’s speech? a god is responsible for the discriminatory treatment of african americans. b any individual who decides to commit to a life of domestic servitude is disgraceful. c african americans and women are products of the unfair treatment they receive in the united states. d slavery has crushed african americans’ will to resist and overcome discriminatory practices. e african american women can merely pray for divine intervention for equal rights, as they are not a priority for social reformers. f african americans should work to advance their status by demanding more opportunities for education and meaningful work.

How does pumblechook treat pip before his visit to satis house? why?

Millicent sat down at her desk in the big study hall. tomorrow she would come to school, proudly, laughingly, without lipstick, with her brown hair straight and shoulder length, and then everybody would know, even the boys would know, that she was one of the elect. teachers would smile , thinking perhaps: so now they've picked millicent arnold. i never would have guessed it. —"initiation," sylvia plath what inference can be made about millicent from the way she is characterized indirectly? millicent is a student with straight brown hair. millicent does not usually take care of her appearance. millicent has not always been popular.