To criticize a deductive argument logically, one might?

Astudent wants to replace the underlined word to make the meaning more precise. which phrase would be the best replacement for the underlined phrase ?

How can you paraphrase this, this is about golden age fallacies. these are all rational people who know that older is not necessarily better, but many are taken in by this fallacy and seem no longer able to reason with any degree of reliability

Which sentence is punctuated correctly?  a. under a microscope; the organisms look a bit like ruffled tennis balls they have armored plates that fit together to make a round shape. b. when the water is disturbed; the organisms respond by glowing this makes swimmers look like floating beams of blue light. c. there is a bay in puerto rico that seems to light up at night; the light comes from tiny organisms in the water. d. the luminescence attracts visitors from around the world people are curious to see; this beautiful otherworldly sight.