Read this excerpt from abraham lincoln's gettysburg address and then answer the question that follows:

(1) four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation: conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
now we are engaged in a great civil war testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated can long endure. we are met on a great battlefield of that war.

(2) we have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that this nation might live. it is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. but, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate we cannot consecrate we cannot hallow this ground. the brave men, living and dead, who struggled here have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. the world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.

pay close attention to the word choice in this speech. what can you tell about the speaker’s point of view?

a. he is angry about the events of the war.
b. he wants others to join the fight later.
c. he plans to take things further soon.
d. he wants to show respect to the soldiers.

Read this passage from alan weisman's "the city without us": he props his running shoe against the whitish bark of a chinese amur cork tree, growing among the last of the hemlocks. "this may sound blasphemous, but maintaining biodiversity is less important than maintaining a functioning ecosystem. what matters is that soil is protected, that water gets cleaned, that trees filter the air, that a canopy regenerates new seedlings to keep nutrients from draining away into the bronx river." now read this passage from jared diamond's "the ends of the world as we know them": both the shoguns and the japanese peasants took a long-term view: the former expected to pass on their power to their children, and the latter expected to pass on their land. . today, despite having the highest human population density of any large developed country, japan is more than 70 percent forested. what common theme of green literature is most strongly evident in both passages? a. in order to thrive in coming centuries, people must find viable alternatives to fossil fuels, such as coal. b. with careful and intelligent management, ecosystems can still thrive after human beings have changed them. c. in order meet their goals, environmentalists must people develop a personal desire to protect nature. d. there is no excuse for damaging the natural world, and anyone who does so will pay a steep price.