Which excerpt uses direct characterization

You are reading an informational text for english class, and you find a lot of words you don't know. your teacher says you don't need to look up all of them in the dictionary, only the ones you need to get the main point of the text. how could text features you figure out which words to look up?

How does the author create a surprise ending? cite evidence from the text to support your answer.

The empire state building was a. constructed by one hundred workers. b. was first lit up by president roosevelt. c. has more than one hundred stories. d took several years to complete.