Counting Atoms
The formula for a compound indicates the elements that make up the compound and the number of atoms of each element present in the compound. These numbers of atoms are indicated by the use of small numbers called subscripts. Sometimes groups of atoms act as a single atom.. When a subscript appears outside the parentheses, it indicates that all the elements inside the parentheses should be multiplied by that subscript. For example, the formula Fe (OH)3 indicates the combination of one atom of iron. Fe= three atoms of oxygen (O) and three atoms of hydrogen (H).
In the following examples, list each element in the compound and the number of atoms of each element present. The first example has been done for you. You may already be familiar with some of the compounds.
Name
Use
Formula
Atoms in Formula
Calcium carbonate
Limestone
CaCO3
Ca= calcium 1
C= carbon 1
O= oxygen 3
Aspirin
Pain reliever
C9H8O4
Magnesium hydroxide
Found in milk of magnesia
Mg(OH)2
Paradichlorobenzene
Moth crystals
C6H4Cl2
Acetic acid
Found in vinegar
C2H4O2
TriNitroToluene (TNT)
Explosive
C7H5 (NO2)3
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate
Fertilizer
Ca(H2PO4)2
Pyrite
Fool’s gold
FeS2
Sucrose
Sugar
C12H22O11
Cellulose
Found in wood products such as your pencil and paper
C6H7O2(OH)3
Answers: 2
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Counting Atoms
The formula for a compound indicates the elements that make up the compound and the...
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