How gender ideology impacts women's creative expression?

Explanation:

Ambivalent se_ism theory purports that se_ism is the combination of complementary gender ideologies, held by both men and women  that serve to maintain the social hierarchy. According to ambivalent se_ism theory, benevolent se_ism (BS) is a paternalistic ideology in which women are regarded as subordinate to men and in need of protection; they are cherished and revered for their virtue. Hostile se_ism (HS) is a combative ideology that is hostile toward women who challenge traditional patterns and are seen as seeking to control men, either by using their se_uality or feminist ideology. The Ambivalent Se_ism Inventory 6) is a 22-item self-report measure, which includes both benevolent and hostile subscales and assesses the extent to which people maintain benevolent and hostile attitudes toward women. Heterose_ual relations and se_ual reproduction highlight the interpersonal interdependence of men and women. The hostile perspective of this interdependence is that women are able “to use se_” to control men, whereas the benevolent perspective asserts that women are a valuable resource (essential for family life and happiness, but inferior).

On the flipside of gender relations, women can hold hostile as well as benevolent beliefs about men, resulting in se_ist ambivalence toward men  Benevolence toward men (BM) is an upwardly directed ideology, based on women's admiration for the higher status of men and the need to protect women's positive distinctiveness from men by ‘taking care of them’In contrast, hostility toward men (HM) is rooted in women's resentment of men's higher status, dominance (e.g. se_ual aggressiveness, paternalism) and the continued inequality between women and men developed an instrument to measure ambivalent attitudes toward men, the Ambivalence Toward Men Inventory (AMI). This scale complements the original Ambivalent Se_ism Inventory subscales ) by tapping both hostile and benevolent prejudices and stereotypes toward men. Hostility toward men is mainly related to attitudes to male dominance and stereotypes men as controlling and condescending; people with attitudes high in hostility toward men negatively characterize men based on their position of advantage over women in society. Benevolence toward men is related to beliefs about support and justification of male dominance. BM portrays men as emotionally stronger than women, more willing to take risks for success, and, on the whole, stereotypes men as being higher in competence and status than women

) view the systemic interpersonal dependency between women and men as crucial antecedent to se_ism and a considerable body of research has addressed the relationship between gender ideologies and partner preferences. Research on partner preferences, precedes that on ambivalent se_ism by many years and can be traced back to the 1940s  This work has examined se_ differences in preferences for particular characteristics or traits in a potential partner. Generally studies have demonstrated that women prefer potential partners with high earning potential, whereas men report greater preference for attractiveness in a partner

Recently, Eastwick, Luchies, Finkel, and Hunt (2014) conducted a meta-analysis of ninety-seven studies which examine preferences for physical attractiveness and earning prospects in relation to romantic evaluation of a potential partner, the meta-analysis included only studies in which a ‘partner’ was a person of the opposite se_ who the participant had (at a minimum) met face to face. They found that physical attractiveness predicted romantic evaluations for both se_es with moderate to strong effect sizes and that earning potential also predicted romantic evaluations of both men and women with a small effect size. Se_ differences in these correlations were small and non-significant indicating that men and women value both attractiveness and earning potential in a potential partner.

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explanation: