What was the cause of Dr Barnard's 'gloomy Thoughts'?

Which questions must be considered when evaluating the effectiveness of an argument? select four options. is there empirical evidence in the argument? is there reliable evidence to support the reasons? are there logical reasons to believe the claim? is the author’s claim clear to the reader? does the author’s diction affect the reader as intended?

When the telephone rings incessantly, what is it that the men want to have happen? they want the phone to be answered because it is jangling their nerves. they want mr. frank to go to the office and answer it because they are afraid it might be bad news. they want mr. frank to go to the office because they think it might be miep. they want mr frank to ignore the phone.

Based on this excerpt the authors are most likely to attempt to answer which question