The Great Famine of 1845–1851 killed upwards of 1 million Irish men, women and children, and forced another million to migrate, especially to the United States. It was so badly handled by the British government that it left a profound residue of distrust and hatred that exacerbated every grievance that followed. The view in Ireland was that the combination of policies (that permitted food exports from Ireland) and protectionist Corn Laws (that prevented import of low cost wheat) had been major factors in the famine and that an independent government would have mitigated it.
Among the consequences of the Representation of the People Act 1884 was that many Catholics in Ireland gained the right to vote. Charles Stewart Parnell mobilised the Catholic vote so that the Irish Parliamentary Party held the balance of power in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Parnell sought to re-establish home rule for Ireland and used tactics that kept British politics in turmoil. William Gladstone and his Liberal Party usually worked with Parnell in search of Home Rule, but the Liberal Party was irreversibly split in doing so, with a substantial faction leaving to form the Liberal Unionist Party. The result was the long term decline of the Liberal Party.
Home Rule was passed in 1914, but suspended in operation during the First World War. The issue was finally resolved in 1921 by partitioning Ireland into the quasi-autonomous (Catholic-dominated) Irish Free State in the southwestern four-fifths of the island, and (Presbyterian dominated) Northern Ireland in the remaining fifth, which remained part of the United Kingdom.[2] The next round of troubles emerged in the 1960s, when the Catholics living in Northern Ireland could no longer tolerate the discriminatory policies long imposed on them by the (devolved) government of Northern Ireland. The Troubles – 30 years of near civil war that at times had significant impact on British politics – finally ended with the Good Friday Agreement of 1998, a power-sharing agreement between the parties in Northern Ireland and an international treaty between Ireland and the United Kingdom, as co-guarantors.
From 2017 onwards, British politics became disrupted again by Britain's relationship with Ireland, specifically over Brexit. Parliament has been unable resolve the trilemma between three competing objectives: an open border on the island; no border in the North Channel; and no British participation in the European Single Market and the European Union Customs Union.
Contents
118th century
1.11798 Rebellion
2Early 19th century
2.1Great Famine
31868 to 1900
3.1Church of Ireland
3.2Home Rule movement
3.3Balance of power
3.4Fenianism
41900 to 1922
4.1Passage of Home Rule, 1910–14
4.1.1Parliament Act
4.1.2Government of Ireland Act 1914
4.2World War, Partition of Ireland and Irish Independence
4.2.1Easter Rising
4.3Irish War of Independence
51923 to 2015
5.1Irish Free State, Ireland
5.2Northern Ireland, The Troubles
62016 to 2019
6.1Balance of power again
6.2Brexit
7See also
8Notes
9References
10Sources
11Further reading
11.1Historiography
Explanation:
give me branliest
