VDo many germs escape into the air when a toilet is flushed, and do they affect our health? The jury is still out on this age-old question, a new review of the scientific literature suggests.

The possible peril of a toilet plume became famous through a 1975 study by Charles P. Gerba in the journal Applied Microbiology. Dr. Gerba seeded household toilets with disease germs and then tested to see if they survived after flushing. He concluded that “there is a possibility that a person may acquire an infection from an aerosol produced by a toilet.”

But a new review article finds that there are as yet no direct cases of proven infection, and that the possible risk is still unknown. The researchers looked at all the peer-reviewed studies of the matter, both epidemiological and microbiological. Their study, published last month by The American Journal of Infection Control, says that “no studies have yet clearly demonstrated or refuted toilet-plume-related disease transmission, and the significance of the risk remains largely uncharacterized.”

From C. CLAIBORNE RAY’s “In the Mist”

What is the writer’s purpose in this article?

A.
To inform

B.
To persuade

C.
To narrate

D.
To illustrate

"the children's hour" by henry wadsworth longfellow between the dark and the daylight, when the night is beginning to lower, comes a pause in the day's occupations, that is known as the children's hour. i hear in the chamber above me the patter of little feet, the sound of a door that is opened, and voices soft and sweet. from my study i see in the lamplight, descending the broad hall stair, grave alice, and laughing allegra, and edith with golden hair. a whisper, and then a silence: yet i know by their merry eyes they are plotting and planning together to take me by surprise. a sudden rush from the stairway, a sudden raid from the hall! by three doors left unguarded they enter my castle wall! they climb up into my turret o'er the arms and back of my chair; if i try to escape, they surround me; they seem to be everywhere. they almost devour me with kisses, their arms about me entwine, till i think of the bishop of bingen in his mouse-tower on the rhine! do you think, o blue-eyed banditti, because you have scaled the wall, such an old mustache as i am is not a match for you all! i have you fast in my fortress, and will not let you depart, but put you down into the dungeon in the round-tower of my heart. and there will i keep you forever, yes, forever and a day, till the walls shall crumble to ruin, and moulder in dust away! which literary device does longfellow use most frequently in the poem? a. simile b. metaphor c. repetition d. personification