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Which word from the stanza can you use as a clue to determine the meaning of the word vales ?

Which statement contains an opinion? the ants serve to protect the acacia from other plants and herbivores. the acacia depends on pollinators for the exchange of genetic material. the acacia has no chemical defenses to discourage herbivores. the ants provide the acacia with the best protection from other plants and herbivores.

Which words in this excerpt from the count of monte cristo can be used as synonyms to determine the meaning of the word grotto? dant? s entered the second grotto. the second grotto was lower and more gloomy than the first; the air that could only enter by the newly formed opening had the mephitic smell dant? s was surprised not to find in the outer cavern. he waited in order to allow pure air to displace the foul atmosphere, and then went on. 1. air 2. opening 3. mephitic 4. cavern 5. pure 6. atmosphere